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Partition of Bengal, 1947

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Banglapedia

A focused reference entry on the procedures, votes, commissions, and political decisions that divided Bengal in 1947.

Est. 1947 · Bengal✺A Bilingual Archive

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Topic Hub: Explore related topics - Partition, Identity, and Eastern Bengal

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1946

Direct Action Day and the Great Calcutta Killing

On 16 August 1946, the All-India Muslim League observed Direct Action Day to press its demand for Pakistan after the collapse of Cabinet Mission negotiations. In Bengal, where Huseyn Shaheed Suhrawardy led the provincial ministry, the hartal and mass rally in Calcutta escalated into large-scale communal killings. The violence in Calcutta, followed by major communal violence in places including Noakhali and Bihar later in 1946, marked a severe breakdown of coexistence in late colonial India and hardened pathways toward partition.

1947

Partition and Eastern Bengal

In 1947, British India was divided into India and Pakistan, and Bengal itself was split into West Bengal and East Bengal. The chapter is not only about constitutional division: the delayed Radcliffe boundary, minority insecurity, refugee movement, and administrative rupture reshaped everyday life and set the stage for later struggles over language, autonomy, and state legitimacy in East Bengal.